An evaluation of the PM2.5 trace elemental composition in the VeniceLagoon area and an analysis of the possible sources

摘要

Global emissions reported by many authors have shown as natural and anthropic sources can contribute\udto the principal aerosol classes, but values change according the local scenario. The Venice Lagoon is\udexposed to different anthropic source emissions like vehicular traffic, industrial thermoelectric power\udplant, petrochemical plant, incinerator plant, domestic heating, ship traffic, glass factories and airport.\udSamplings of PM2.5 were daily performed between March and November 2007 in Sacca San Biagio island\ud(Venice), and values of PM2.5 concentration and element concentration were obtained. Monthly average\udconcentrations (mgm3) during this period show higher values during the spring and the autumn. A good\udrelationship between data obtained and concentration values from environmental local agencies is\udevidenced, both for PM2.5 from urban area (Venezia Mestre), and for PM10 sampled in the same area, as\udwell as the influence of some meteorological parameters on PM2.5 concentration sampled. Trace\udelements samples were measured by an Inductively Coupled Plasma-Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry\ud(ICP-QMS), and values (ng m3 and mg g1) for elements regulated by European directives (As, Cd, Ni, Pb),\udas well as, other elements (Na, Al, K, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, Se, Ag) are also reported. Data analysis by mean\udof Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) pointed out four principal\udgroups of elements like Mn–Fe–K, As–Se–Cd, V–Co, and Pb that could be assigned to specific sources of\udthe Venetian wetland basin.